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László Zrinszky: Philosophy of Education: At the End of the Third Millennium The mature and still influential beginnings of thinking and discourse on education emerged in ancient Greek philosophy. Important contributions to the philosophy of education are the recognition that thinking is a common advantage for everyone (Heraclitus); that the human is the measure of everything (Protagoras); the ideal of kalogathia; the theory of middle values; the principle and example of dialogue; and the problematisation of the relationships of means and ends, knowledge and ethics, and theory and practice. The future visions of the 20th century Euro–American culture, deeply affecting educational reflection and disposition, continue and counterpoint the ancient trends in the philosophy of education. Such visions include catastrophe–scenarios; theories predicting the decline of history or the Western cultures; hypotheses arguing the total unpredictability of the future; programs in which the past is preserved unchanged or re-claimed; beliefs in globalisation as hope or as anxiety, or in the future of the individuals in the present or in the afterlife as decided on the basis of their merits or by fate; and, finally, different utopias. The essay is concluded with a general comparison of the pedagogical endeavours of the theories reflecting and influencing the beginning and the end of our century. MAGYAR PEDAGÓGIA 98. Number 2. 123-133. (1998) Levelezési cím / Address for correspondence: Zrinszky László, Janus Pannonius Tudományegyetem, Felnőttképzési és Emberi Erőforrás Fejlesztési Intézet, H–7633 Pécs, Szántó Kovács János u. 1/B |
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